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Build a deck or porch

Footings, the ledger and its flashing, the hardware and the guards. A deck is a structure people stand on above the ground, and the few details that hold it up are the ones that fail.

01

Before the foundation

Footings, slab and everything under it: drains, pipes, radon and sump. Once the concrete is poured, these are the hardest to change.

3 cards

Footings

Footings, ledger and framing

In the full fieldbook

Shallow footings

Common mistakes

In the full fieldbook

Footings

Slab, crawlspace or basement

In the full fieldbook

02

Before framing

Room sizes, openings, stairs, ceiling heights and anything structural. Cheap on paper, expensive once the walls are up.

2 cards

Riser

Stair dimensions
  • 7¾″ maximum
  • 7–7½″ feels best
  • no more than ⅜″ difference in a flight

Tread

Stair dimensions
  • 10″ minimum
  • 11″ feels better
  • no more than ⅜″ difference in a flight
03

Before rough-in

Where pipes, wires, ducts and boxes go, before the inspector signs off on them.

2 cards

Outdoors

Planning outlets and circuits

In the full fieldbook

Doors

Exterior lighting

In the full fieldbook

06

Throughout the job

Choices and checks that aren’t tied to one stage. Settle them early, or check them as the work goes.

39 cards

Handrail height

Handrails and guards
  • 34–38″ above the nosing line
  • on at least one side with 4+ risers

Grip

Handrails and guards
  • round: 1¼–2″ diameter
  • shaped: 4–6¼″ perimeter
  • 1½″ clear of the wall

Posts + beams

Footings, ledger and framing

In the full fieldbook

Ledger

Footings, ledger and framing

In the full fieldbook

Joists

Footings, ledger and framing

In the full fieldbook

Hardware

Footings, ledger and framing

In the full fieldbook

Lateral load

Footings, ledger and framing

In the full fieldbook

When required

Guards and stairs

In the full fieldbook

Guard height

Guards and stairs

In the full fieldbook

Openings

Guards and stairs

In the full fieldbook

Posts

Guards and stairs

In the full fieldbook

Stairs

Guards and stairs

In the full fieldbook

Lighting

Guards and stairs

In the full fieldbook

Pressure-treated pine

Decking materials

In the full fieldbook

Cedar / redwood

Decking materials

In the full fieldbook

Composite

Decking materials

In the full fieldbook

PVC

Decking materials

In the full fieldbook

Hardwood

Decking materials

In the full fieldbook

Patio on grade

Decking materials

In the full fieldbook

Ceilings

Porch details

In the full fieldbook

Posts

Porch details

In the full fieldbook

Fans + heat

Porch details

In the full fieldbook

Screens

Porch details

In the full fieldbook

Swing

Porch details

In the full fieldbook

Under-deck drainage

Porch details

In the full fieldbook

Nailed ledger

Common mistakes

In the full fieldbook

No flashing

Common mistakes

In the full fieldbook

Weak guard posts

Common mistakes

In the full fieldbook

Wrong hardware

Common mistakes

In the full fieldbook

Paths + steps

Exterior lighting

In the full fieldbook

Outlets

Lighting, power and outdoor rooms

In the full fieldbook

Landscape lighting

Lighting, power and outdoor rooms

In the full fieldbook

Usually needs a permit

When do you need a permit?

In the full fieldbook

Often exempt

When do you need a permit?

In the full fieldbook

Zoning

When do you need a permit?

In the full fieldbook

Contractors

When do you need a permit?

In the full fieldbook

Rough-in

The inspection sequence

In the full fieldbook

Insulation

The inspection sequence

In the full fieldbook

Final

The inspection sequence

In the full fieldbook

Kitchen, Bathroom and Stairs are open to everyone. The rest are in the full fieldbook.

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